中国陆相页岩石油资源地位与发展机遇

Status and Development Opportunities of Continental Shale Oil Resources in China

中国广泛发育中新生代陆相页岩地层,具有油页岩油与页岩油两种石油资源,其中,页岩油根据有机质成熟度和开采方式的不同,又可分为中低熟和中高熟两类。当前中国油页岩干馏技术已十分成熟,对于补充中国原油产量,带动区域经济发展有重要作用。中国中高熟页岩油开发已实现工业起步,“十四五”时期将进入快速发展期,是支撑中国原油2×108 t长期稳产的重要资源。中低熟页岩油资源规模巨大,需要利用地下原位转化技术才能实现规模开发,一旦技术成熟并突破经济关,对中国石油工业可持续发展有重要意义。针对中国陆相页岩石油资源勘探开发中面临的成本、技术等诸多挑战,建议摸清页岩油资源家底,做好未来发展规划,加强科技攻关,提升原始创新能力,出台相关扶持政策,破除制度藩篱,助推中国油页岩/页岩油产业高质量发展。

The Mesozoic and Cenozoic continental shale strata are widely developed in China.Two types of petroleum resources are developed,including oil shale and shale oil.On the basis of the maturity of organic matter and exploitation technology,shale oil can be subdivided into medium-low and medium-high maturity shale oils.To date,oil shale destructive distillation technology in China is mature,which plays an important role in supplementing oil production and driving regional economic growth.The exploitation of medium-high mature shale oil in China has already initiated and will enter a rapid development period during"The 14th Five-Year Plan".It is an important resource that supports the long-term and stable production of 2×10^(8) t of oil in China.The resource of medium-low mature shale oil is tremendous.Subsurface in-situ conversion technology is required to achieve large-scale development of medium-low mature shale oil.Once the technology matures and breaks through the economic barrier,it is of great significance to the sustainable development of China's petroleum industry.Many challenges associated with the exploration and development of continental shale oil are faced nowadays in China,such as cost and technology.Three recommendations were proposed in this paper.The first recommendation was to comprehensively investigate shale oil resources and make proper development plans.The second recommendation was to strengthen scientific and technological research and improve the original innovation ability.The third recommendation was to introduce relevant supportive policies to eliminate the system barriers to facilitate the high-quality development of China's oil shale and shale oil industries.