社会认知职业理论视角下博士后学术职业认同的影响因素研究

A Study of the Factors Influencing Postdoctoral Academic Career Identity:Based on the Social Cognitive Career Theory

为探讨组织心理支持对博士后学术职业认同的影响及作用机制,以社会认知职业理论为框架,基于《Nature》2020年全球博士后调查数据展开实证分析发现:博士后培养单位的心理支持水平不高,而对学术职业持较高认同度的博士后占比不足50%;组织心理支持能正向预测博士后学术职业认同;博士后的学术自我效能和职业前景预期在组织心理支持和学术职业认同之间的单独中介效应显著、链式中介效应显著。研究表明,组织心理支持不仅是影响博士后学术职业认同的重要外部因素,还会通过影响学术自我效能和职业前景预期等内部心理资本而对学术职业认同产生间接作用。因此,完善旨在充盈关怀感的心理健康保障体系以化解心理健康危机,创设旨在培育成就感的学术能力成长空间以提升学术自我效能感,夯实旨在培植安全感的学术就业资本积累以改善职业前景预期,是提升博士后学术职业认同的重要途径。

In order to explore the impact and mechanism of organizational psychological support on postdoctoral academic career identity,an empirical analysis was conducted based on the Social Cognition Career Theory and data from Nature Globe Postdoc Survey 2020.The results showed:(1)the psychological support level of postdoctoral training units is not high,and less than 50%of postdoctoral fellows hold a high degree of identification with academic careers;(2)organizational psychological support positively predicts postdoctoral academic career identification;(3)The independent mediating effect and chain mediating effect of postdoctoral academic self-efficacy and career prospects between organizational psychological support and academic career identity were significant.Research shows that organizational psychological support is not only an important external factor affecting postdoctoral academic career identity,but also has an indirect effect on academic career identity by affecting internal psychological capital such as academic self-efficacy and career prospect expectations.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the mental health security system aimed at filling a sense of caring to resolve the mental health crisis,create an academic ability growth space aimed at fostering a sense of achievement to enhance academic self-efficacy,and consolidate the accumulation of academic employment capital aimed at fostering a sense of security.Improving career prospects is an important way to construct postdoctoral academic career identity.