个人信息利益动态区分原则的引入、证成与实现

Introduction,Formation and Realization of the Principle of Dynamic Differentiation of Personal Information Interests

个人信息利益的静态区分保护造成了人格与财产、私人与公共利益的失衡。鉴于个人信息人格利益与财产利益的一体两面性及动态勾连性,个人信息利益动态区分保护的路径更具有正当性和合理性。同时因与我国数据产业发展相契合,动态区分原则也不乏本土适应性。依据处理行为对用户的影响程度,个人信息处理行为可以被划分为信息性处理与数据性处理行为。此动态区分原则的引入能够明确划定私权边界,避免片面人格利益的保障而过度牺牲其财产利益,兼顾严格人格利益至上与推动数据经济发展之间的动态平衡。个人信息利益动态区分保护路径的规则可以从三个方面得以实现,即调整知情同意规则、引入信义义务、建立第三方约束机制。

The static protection of personal information interests leads to the imbalance between personality and property,private and public interests.In view of the two sides and dynamic connection between personality interests and property interests of personal information,the path of dynamic differentiation protecting personal information interests is more legitimate and reasonable.At the same time,because it is in line with the development of China’s data industry,the principle of dynamic differentiation also has local adaptability.According to the influence of processing behavior on users,the personal information processing behavior can be divided into information processing behavior and data processing behavior.The introduction of the dynamic differentiation principle can clearly delineate the boundary of private rights,avoid excessive sacrifice of property interests due to the protection of partial personality interests,and give attention to the dynamic balance between strict personality interests and promoting the development of data economy.The rules of dynamic protection path of personal information interests can be realized from three aspects,namely,adjusting the rules of informed consent,introducing fiduciary duty and establishing a third-party restraint mechanism.