我国中老年人群慢性病患病现状及共病模式分析

Analysis of Chronic Diseases and Comorbidities in Middle-aged and Elderly Population in China

目的:了解我国中老年人慢性病患病现状,探索慢性病间的关联性及关联强度,为制定慢性病共病的管理及预防提供参考。方法:基于2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,选取45岁及以上中老年人群为研究对象,采用关联规则分析探讨中老年人群慢性病共病模式,并比较不同人口学特征下中老年人群慢性病患病情况。结果:本研究共纳入8490名中老年人,慢性病患病率为50.00%,患病率最高的慢性病为高血压(22.50%)、其次为血脂异常(14.70%)。慢性病共病患病率为25.50%;最常见的共病模式分别为血脂异常和高血压,其次为心脏病和高血压。性别、年龄、居住类型、婚姻状态、教育程度均会对中老年人群共病患病率产生影响,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:中老年人慢性病患病率较高;高血压、血脂异常与多种慢性病均具有强关联,应加强控制对其的筛查与预防;不同年龄段慢性病共病模式不同。

Objective:To understand the current situation of chronic diseases in middle-aged and elderly people in China,to explore the correlation and intensity among chronic diseases,so as to provide references for the management and prevention of chronic disease comorbidities.Methods:Based on the data of 2018 China health and retirement longitudinal study,middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 and above were selected as the research objects,the association rule analysis was used to explore the pattern of chronic disease comorbidity,and compared with different characteristics of middle-aged and elderly people with chronic diseases.Results:A total of 8490 middle-aged and elderly people were included in this study,and the prevalence of chronic diseases was 50.00%.Hypertension was the most prevalent chronic disease(22.50%),followed by dyslipidemia(14.70%).The prevalence of chronic comorbidities was 25.50%.The most common comorbidities were dyslipidemia and hypertension,followed by heart disease and hypertension.Gender,age,residence type,marital status and education level all had an impact on the prevalence of comorbidity(P<0.05).Conclusions:The prevalence of chronic diseases is higher in middle-aged and elderly people.Hypertension and dyslipidemia are strongly associated with many chronic diseases,and its screening and prevention measures should be strengthened.The comorbidities of chronic diseases were different in different age groups.