面部整形患者心理特点调查及影响因素

Investigation on psychological features of patients undergoing facial plastic surgery and influencing factors

目的:调查面部整形患者心理特点,并进行影响因素分析。方法:选取某院146例面部整形患者,调查其焦虑自评量表(SAS)与抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分情况,并对进行多因素分析。结果:146例患者中,52.05%产生焦虑心理,67.12%产生抑郁心理;农村户口(χ^(2)=20.013,6.815;P<0.01)、小学及初中(χ^(2)=16.899,14.199;P<0.01)、已婚(χ^(2)=12.183,8.801;P<0.05)、农民(χ^(2)=10.656,16.230;P<0.05)、家庭人均收入<3000元/月(χ^(2)=10.121,13.074;P<0.01)、不了解面部整形相关知识(χ^(2)=8.630,21.345;P<0.01)患者焦虑与抑郁发生率明显高于城市户口、高中及以上、未婚或其他、非农民家庭人均收入≥3000元/月、较为了解面部整形相关知识患者;年龄≥45岁患者焦虑发生率明显高于年龄<45岁患者(χ^(2)=15.749,P<0.01);社会支持水平<20分患者抑郁发生率明显高于社会支持水平≥20分患者(χ^(2)=9.099,P<0.05);logistic分析显示,已婚(OR=2.812,P<0.01)、家庭人均收入<3000元/月(OR=2.953,P<0.01)、不了解面部整形相关知识(OR=3.875,P<0.001)为焦虑发生独立危险因素,农村户口(OR=2.996,P<0.001)、已婚(OR=3.286,P<0.001)、社会支持水平<20分(OR=3.967,P<0.001)为抑郁发生独立危险因素。结论:面部整形患者焦虑抑郁发生率较高,临床可根据患者年龄、户口所在地、受教育程度、婚姻状况、职业、家庭人均收入、面部整形知识了解情况及社会支持水平等因素予以针对性心理干预。

Objective:To investigate the psychological features of patients undergoing facial plastic surgery,and analyze the influencing factors.Methods:A total of 146 patients undergoing facial plastic surgery in the hospital were enrolled.The scores of self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)were investigated.And multivariate analysis was performed.Results:Among the 146 patients,there were 52.05%of them with anxiety,and 67.12%with depression.The incidence of anxiety and depression in patients with rural residence(χ^(2)=20.013,6.815;P<0.01),elementary school and junior high school education level(χ^(2)=16.899,14.199;P<0.01),married status(χ^(2)=12.183,8.801;P<0.05),farmer identity(χ^(2)=10.656,16.230;P<0.05),family per capita income less than 3000 yuan/month(χ^(2)=10.121,13.074;P<0.01)and no understanding facial plastic surgery related knowledge(χ^(2)=8.630,21.345;P<0.01)was significantly higher than that with urban residence,high school and above education level,unmarried or other status,non-farmer identity,per capita income not less than 3000 yuan/month,and understanding facial plastic surgery related knowledge.The incidence of anxiety in patients aged 45 years old or older was significantly higher than that aged less than 45 years old(χ^(2)=15.749,P<0.01).The incidence of depression in patients with social support level less than 20 points was significantly higher than that with social support level not less than 20 points(χ^(2)=9.099,P<0.05).Logistic analysis showed that being married(OR=2.812,P<0.01),family per capita income less than 3000 yuan/month(OR=2.953,P<0.01),no understanding facial plastic surgery related knowledge(OR=3.875,P<0.001)were independent risk factors for occurrence of anxiety;rural residence(OR=2.996,P<0.001),being married(OR=3.286,P<0.001),society Support level less than 20 points(OR=3.967,P<0.001)were independent risk factors for occurrence of depression.Conclusion:The incidence of anxiety and depression in patients undergoing facial plastic surgery is relatively higher.Clinically,targeted psychology intervention can be given based on patients’age,domicile place,education level,marital status,occupation,family per capita income,understanding condition for facial plastic knowledge and social support level.