高中生不良人际关系对其心理资本的影响:领悟社会支持的中介作用及其城乡差异

Relation between bad interpersonal relationships and psychological capital of high school students:The mediating effect of perceived social support and alexithymia and the moderation effect of urban-rural disparity

目的:探讨领悟社会支持在高中生不良人际关系与心理资本间的中介作用,以及城乡差异在其中的调节作用。方法:采用人际关系综合诊断量表、领悟社会支持量表、积极心理资本问卷3个量表对贵州省某高中900名高中生进行问卷调查。结果:①高中生不良的人际关系会显著降低其心理资本水平(β=-0.49,95%CI=[-3.10,-1.78]);②领悟社会支持在人际关系与心理资本之间起部分中介作用(β=-0.15,95%CI=[-1.05,-0.47]);③城乡差异在人际关系和领悟社会支持之间起调节作用(△χ^(2)/df=4.87,P<0.01,c.r.=3.35)。结论:为提高高中生的心理资本量,心理健康工作者要注重培养学生的人际关系,帮助其寻找和感受身边的社会支持,同时还要考虑城乡差异,注重因材施教。

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of perceived social support on the relationship between bad interpersonal relationships and psychological capital of high school students and the moderating effect of urban-rural disparity.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among 900 high school students by using Interpersonal Relationship Integrative Diagnostic Scale,Perceived social support scale and Positive psychological capital questionnaire.Results:①The bad interpersonal relationship of high school students could significantly reduce their psychological capital level(β=-0.49,95%CI=[-3.10,-1.78]);②The perceived social support was a partial mediator between interpersonal relationships and psychological capital(β=-0.15,95%CI=[-1.05,-0.47]);③Urban-rural disparity played a moderation role in the relationship between interpersonal relationships and psychological capital level(△χ^(2)~2/df=4.87,P<0.01,c.r.=3.35).Conclusion:In order to improve the psychological capital of high school students,mental health workers should pay attention to cultivate students’interpersonal relationship and find and feel the social support around them.At the same time,we should consider the differences between urban and rural areas and pay attention to teaching students according to their aptitude.