留守儿童体育参与的潜在剖面分析及对其积极发展的影响

Features of sports participation in left-behind children and the impact on their positive development:A latent profile analysis

目的:对留守儿童体育参与的潜在特征进行潜在剖面分析。方法:采用体育活动等级量表、正性负性情绪量表、简要多维学生生活满意度量表和学习投入量表对湖南省1365名留守儿童进行问卷调查。结果:留守儿童体育参与潜在剖面分析支持了3个潜类别的模型(Entropy=0.95,BIC=11967.74、ABIC=11923.27、AIC=11894.67、LogLikelihood=-5933.34、df=14、P<0.001),分别定义为:“低体育参与组”(45.7%)、“中等体育参与组”(32.8%)和“高体育参与组”(21.5%)。进一步的分析发现:高体育参与组的积极情绪显著高于低体育参与组和中等体育参与组,低体育参与组的积极情绪显著高于中等体育参与组;中等体育参与组的生活满意度和学习投入显著低于低体育参与组和高体育参加组。结论:留守儿童体育参与存在3种不同潜在类别,且不同类别在积极情绪、生活满意度和学习投入上存在差异。

Objective:To explore the feature of sports participation in left-behind children by latent profile analysis.Methods:A total of 1365 left-behind children in Hunan province completed 3-item Physical Activity Rating Scale-3(PARS-3),Positive and Negative Affect Scale(PANAS),Brief Multidimensional Students’Life Satisfaction Scale(BMSLSS)andUtrechtWorkEngagementScale-student(UWES-S).Results:The results indicated that there were three latent classes of sports among left-behind children(Entropy=0.95,BIC=11967.74,ABIC=11923.27,AIC=11894.67,LogLikelihood=-5933.34,df=14,P<0.001),namely“low sports participation group”(45.7%),“middle sports participation group”(32.8%)and“high sports participation group”(21.5%).Further analysis showed that the positive emotions of the high sports participation group were significantly higher than those of the low sports participation group and the middle sports participation group;the positive emotions of the low sports participation group were significantly higher than that of the middle sports participation group;The life satisfaction and school engagement of the middle sports participation group were significantly lower than those of the low sports participation group and the high sports participation groupsports.Conclusion:There are three latent classes of sports participation among these children,and there are differences in positive affect,life satisfaction and school engagement among different classes.