我国乳制品全产业链发展的现状、演变与发展趋势

Status Quo,Evolution and Development Trend of the Development of the Entire Dairy Industry Chain

通过分析我国乳制品行业发展境况,将乳制品行业的发展划分为传统发展模式、半产业链发展模式以及全产业链发展模式,并分别从产业链的上游、中游与下游等3个层面研究乳制品全产业链的发展趋势。运用文献分析法与实证研究法,选取2000~2020年乳制品行业的发展数据,分别总结各个阶段的发展情况。在原奶生产环节,奶牛日粮饲养科学合理且规模化牧场数量与日俱增;在原奶加工环节,乳制品质量安全有保障且乳品加工技术科学全面;在乳制品销售环节,乳制品全渠道趋势加速且国际影响力提升。我国乳制品全产业链的演变从传统的乳制品产业链:奶牛养殖以小农养殖为主;21世纪后,乳制品行业进入半产业链的发展模式:规模化牧场数量增加、学习西方加工工艺且国内乳制品的消费热度上升;目前我国乳制品行业已进入全产业链发展模式:原奶生产全线可控化、乳品加工工艺先进、线上线下协同发展。乳制品行业未来将更朝向互联网化和科技化的方向发展。

By analyzing the development situation of my country’s dairy industry,the development of the dairy industry is divided into traditional development models,semi-industrial chain development models,and full-industrial chain development models.The development trend of the whole industry chain of products.Use literature analysis and empirical research,select the development data of the dairy industry from 2000 to 2020,and summarize the development of each stage.In the raw milk production link,the dairy cow ration feeding is scientific and reasonable and the number of large-scale pastures is increasing day by day;in the raw milk processing link,the quality and safety of dairy products are guaranteed and the dairy processing technology is comprehensive;in the dairy product sales link,the trend of omni-channel dairy products is accelerating and international Increased influence.The evolution of the entire dairy industry chain in my country has evolved from the traditional dairy industry chain:dairy farming is dominated by smallholder farming;after entering the 21st century,the dairy industry has entered a semi-industrial chain development model:the number of large-scale pastures has increased,learning from the West Processing technology and the consumption of domestic dairy products are on the rise;at present,my country’s dairy industry has entered the development model of the entire industry chain:raw milk production is fully controllable,dairy processing technology is advanced,and online and offline coordinated development.The dairy industry will develop in the direction of Internet plus and technology in the future.