道德教育:如何面对陌生人

Moral Education:How to Face Strangers

中国社会正处于从熟人社会向陌生人社会的转型之中,市场经济、城市化、全球化和互联网的广泛应用推动着陌生人社会的到来。转型时期,新旧两种道德体系混合并存,引发了现代社会道德的双重困境,表现为公共生活的私人化、道德冷漠、信任危机和公共性的丧失。现代社会是一个由陌生人构成的社会,我们必须学会与陌生人一起生活,消除现代社会的道德危机,建立一种陌生人间的新型道德关系,建设一个具有人情味的文明社会。道德教育要引导人以道德的态度对待陌生人,改变对陌生人的无视和排斥,把陌生人作为他者尊重,建立与陌生人的契约信任关系,以开放的自我,增进与陌生人的信任型交往,实现与陌生人的共生共益,从而与陌生人团结而合作地生活在一起。为此,须加强法治教育、诚信教育和共生体主义教育,树立一种新的利己主义和利他主义。

Chinese society is shifting from acquaintance society to stranger society, and market economy,urbanization,globalization and the wide application of the Internet promote the arrival of stranger society. During the transition period,the coexistence of new and old moral systems leads to the dual dilemma of morality in modern society,which is manifested in private public life,moral indifference,trust crisis and the loss of publicity. In modern society,which consists of strangers,we must learn to live with strangers,eliminate the moral crisis,establish a new moral relationship between strangers,and build a civilized society. Moral education should guide us to treat strangers with a moral attitude,change our disregard for and exclusion of them,respect them as others,establish a contractual trust relationship with them,improve trust-based communication with them by opening up ourselves,and achieve symbiosis and mutual benefit with them so as to live in unity and cooperation with them. Therefore,we need to strengthen rule-of-law education,integrity-based education and symbiosis-based education,and establish a new concept of self-interest and altruism.