株洲地区6-12岁儿童矮小症患病情况及其影响因素分析

Analysis of condition and influencing factors of short stature in children aged 6-12 in Zhuzhou area

目的调查株洲地区6~12岁儿童中矮小症的患病情况,并分析其影响因素。方法采用分层随机整体抽样方法,抽取株洲地区2个县、3个区,每个县/区抽取5个街道,每个街道抽取6家小学,每个小学各年级抽取学号为2号和8号的6~12岁儿童为研究对象。应抽取1800名儿童,实际调查1756名儿童。对纳入研究的儿童,测量并记录身高、体质量,参照相关标准评估矮小症发生情况;设计儿童身高相关情况调查问卷,指导监护人填写儿童生长一般情况,纳入可能的影响因素进行单因素、多因素分析。结果1756名儿童中发现矮小症儿童74例,患病率为4.21%。对矮小症儿童与正常身高儿童的相关基线资料进行比较,将差异有统计学意义的变量纳为自变量,经单因素分析后建立多元回归模型进行多因素分析。结果显示:家庭关系不融洽、牛奶摄入<200 mL/d、维生素D缺乏和睡眠时长<10 h/d是矮小症患病的影响因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论株洲地区6~12岁儿童存在一定的矮小症患病风险,可能与儿童家庭关系不融洽、牛奶量摄入不足、维生素D缺乏、每天睡眠时长较短等因素有关。

Objective To investigate the condition of short stature(SS)in children aged 6-12 in Zhuzhou area,and analyze the influencing factors of SS in children.Methods The stratified random sampling method was used to select children aged 6-12 with student numbers of No.2 and No.8 from primary schools.The primary schools were selected 6 from each street of 5 street areas in 2 counties and 3 districts in Zhuzhou area.And 1800 children should be selected but 1756 children were investigated in practice.The height and weight of children were measured and recorded,and referred to relevant standards to evaluate the occurrence of SS.A questionnaire about children’s height was designed and their guardians filled it.The influencing factors that might lead to SS were found out by single-and multi-factor analysis.Results Of the 1756 children,74 children had SS,and the prevalence rate was 4.21%.After the preliminary comparison of baseline data of SS children and normal height children,the variables with statistical significance were included as independent variables.After single-factor analysis,a multivariate regression model was established and multi-factor analysis was conducted.The results showed that disharmonious family relationship,milk intake<200 mL/d,deficiency of vitamin D,sleep duration<10 h/d were all the influencing factors of SS in children aged 6-12 in Zhuzhou area(OR>1,P<0.05).Conclusion Children aged 6—12 in Zhuzhou area have some risks of SS,which may be related to the factors such as disharmonious family relationship,insufficient milk intake,deficiency of vitamin D,and short sleep time per day.