全面抗战时期国民教育制度的推行与鉴析

The Implementation and Appraisal of the National Education System During the Comprehensive Anti-Japanese War

全面抗战时期,为配合“新县制”的实施,鉴承广西推行的国民教育模式,教育当局对初等教育做出制度性设计和调整而推行国民教育制度:为保障国民教育顺利推行,拟定“国民教育五年计划”;为增强国民教育行政效率,设置专门的行政管理机构;为提升国民教育实际成效,提供专门的经费支持。战时推行国民教育制度,其积极意义,有利于革除国民痼疾,提高全体国民的基础素质;有助于扩展教育功能,实现学校教育与社会教育的“合流”;其消极意义,罔顾教育现实,削弱了义务教育的实际成效。

During the period of comprehensive Anti-Japanese War,in order to coordinate with the implementation of the“new county system”of the local administrative system,the education authorities made institutional design and adjustments in primary education and decided to implement the national education system,in light of the national education model implemented by Guangxi Province.The education authorities formulated the“National Education Five-year Plan”to ensure the smooth implementation of national education,set up special administrative agencies to enhance the administrative efficiency of national education,and provided special financial support to improve the actual effect of national education.In terms of positive sense,the implementation of the national education system during the period of comprehensive Anti-Japanese War,was not only conducive to eliminating chronic diseases of the people and improving the basic quality of all citizens,but also helped to expand the educational function and realize the“confluence”of school education and social education.In terms of negative sense,it ignored the reality of education and weakened the actual effectiveness of compulsory education.