采用公众信息大数据分析污水厂运行状态

Using Public Information Big Data to Analyze the Operation Status of Sewage Treatment Plants in China

为给政府、企业提供管理污水处理厂的有效建议举措,对微博第三方监管平台和西安市生态环保局的公众信息大数据进行分析,研究了国内污水处理厂的运行现状。结果表明,污水处理厂投诉量与GDP、规模以上工业企业数呈正相关关系,污水超标以化学需氧量、氨氮超标为主,其中79%为短期超标,21%为长期超标,冬季超标严重,企业对超标的反馈以设备故障为主。政府需畅通公众参与渠道、保证排放标准和考核指标的科学性,企业应保证反馈内容的真实性,及时检修设备,需重点关注冬季污水处理厂的超标问题。

In order to provide government and enterprises with effective suggestions for the management of sewage treatment plants,we analyzed the public information big data from the Micro-blog third-party supervision platform and the Xi’an Ecological Environmental Protection Bureau,and studied the current status of domestic sewage treatment plants.The results show that the number of complaints from sewage treatment plants is positively correlated with GDP and the number of industrial enterprises over designated size.Higher chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen concentration usually are the two main causes exceeding the wastewater treatment limits.Seventy-nine percent cases exceeding the limits are short-term.Twenty-one percent cases are long-term.The severe exceeding limits phenomenon occurs in winter.The company’s feedback on exceeding limits is mainly based on the equipment failure.The government needs to unblock public participation channels and ensure the scientificity of emission standards as well as the assessment indicators.Sewage treatment plants should ensure the authenticity of the feedback content,repair equipment in time,and pay attention on the problem of exceeding limits in winter.