前见:从历史走向生命深处——基于对伽达默尔诠释学的分析

Prejudice:From History to the Depths of Life——Based on the Analysis of Gadamer′s Hermeneutics

在西方诠释学史上,前见曾是理解者获得文本原意的阻碍,是理性发展道路上的批判对象。而前见合法性的恢复则取消了前见与理解、理性的绝对对立,前见作为传统与人的生活相融合的产物,既具有它自身的历史性,又是理性得以发展的基础。前见合法性的恢复也促成了理解从认识论到生存论的转变:理解者的处境映照其生命现状,它促使理解者通过前见向历史寻求经验智慧,以解决其生存发展问题,理解者也沿着前见走在自我生命的实践道路上。

In the history of Western hermeneutics,prejudice was an obstacle for the readers to obtain the original meaning of the text,and an object of criticism on the development road of reason.However,the restoration of prejudice legitimacy eliminates the absolute opposition between prejudice and understanding and reason.As a product of the integration of tradition and human life,prejudice not only has its own historical significance,but also is the basis for the development of reason.The restoration of prejudice legitimacy has also contributed to a shift in understanding from epistemology to survival theory.The circumstances of the readers reflects the present state of his life,and it motivates readers to seek experience and wisdom in history through prejudice to solve their survival and development problems,and then,readers also follow the prejudice to walk on the practical road of their self-lives.