心脏瓣膜置换术后患者中长期生活质量调查及影响因素分析

Investigation of mid-to-long term quality of life and influencing factors in patients after heart valve replacement

目的探讨心脏瓣膜置换术后患者中长期生活质量现状及其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样方法,选取2008年6月—2017年6月在四川大学华西医院行心脏瓣膜置换术224例患者为研究对象,其中男63例、女161例,年龄18~83(51.49±10.60)岁。调查工具包括一般资料问卷、简明健康调查问卷(SF-36)。分析心脏瓣膜置换术后患者中长期生活质量,并与成都市普通人群比较。采用单因素分析以及多元线性回归分析心脏瓣膜置换术后患者中长期生活质量的影响因素。结果心脏瓣膜置换术后患者中长期生活质量平均得分为(71.78±17.60)分,除活力外,其它7个维度得分均低于成都市普通人群(P<0.05)。不同性别、婚姻状况、家庭月收入、是否回归工作、是否发生抗凝相关并发症及其它并发症的患者生活质量得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。逐步回归分析结果显示,是否回归工作、家庭月收入、是否发生抗凝相关并发症及其它并发症可纳入回归模型,解释了26.8%的方差变异量。结论心脏瓣膜置换术后患者中长期生活质量水平较低。家庭月收入、是否回归工作、是否发生抗凝相关并发症及其它并发症是心脏瓣膜置换术后患者中长期生活质量的主要影响因素。

Objective To investigate the mid-to-long term quality of life(QOL)and influencing factors in the patients after heart valve replacement.Methods Convenient sampling method was used to recruit 224 patients who had heart valve replacement surgery in our hospital from June 2008 to June 2017.There were 63 males and 161 females,aged 18-83(51.49±10.60)years.General information questionnaire and MOS SF-36 scale were used to collect data.Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze and determine the influencing factors for the QOL.Results The total score of QOL of 224 patients was 71.78±17.60 points.All these scores of the patients were significantly lower than those of the general population of Chengdu(P<0.05)except the dimension of vitality.The QOL scores differences between sex,marital status,family income,working condition,the occurrence of anticoagulant complications and other complications were significant(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that family income,working condition,the occurrence of anticoagulant complications and other complications could be included in the regression model,explaining 26.8%of total variance.Conclusion The mid-to-long term QOL is lower in the patients after heart valve replacement.Family income,working condition,anticoagulant complications and other complications are the main influencing factors for mid-to-long term QOL for patients after heart valve replacement.