数字贸易的规范考察及中国方案

Normative investigation of digital trade and China's plan

在经济全球化和数字化发展的时代,数字贸易规则正在加速形成过程中。基于贸易协定中数字贸易条款的构成,有必要分析数字贸易条款的性质与影响。近期达成的主要经贸协定中的数字贸易条款就约束性质及推广方式而言,超越了传统贸易协定的规制范围,提出了数据跨境流动的更高水平的保护促进机制,进一步强化了发达数字经济体在国际贸易流动与规则体制安排中的优势地位。高标准数字贸易规则的形成也体现出国家主权与全球价值链理论在数据跨境流动领域的相互博弈。我国正处在数字经济快速发展时期,需在总结现有数字贸易规则缔约实践的基础上坚持建议与约束条款并存的缔约模式、更加主动构建数字贸易多边合作平台、促进高水平数字贸易规则的区域试点、加快国内数据分类与跨境流动压力测试,从而提升我国在数字贸易规则形成过程中的话语权和引导力。

In the era of economic globalization and digital development,the formation of digital trade rules is accelerating.Based on the composition of digital trade clauses in trade agreements,it is necessary to analyze the nature and impact of digital trade clauses.In terms of the binding nature and promotion methods of the digital trade clauses in the major economic and trade agreements reached recently,the digital trade clauses go beyond the regulation scope of the traditional trade agreements,and put forward a higher-level protection and promotion mechanism for the cross-border flow of data,further strengthening the dominant position of the developed digital economy in the international trade flow and rule system arrangement The formation of high standard digital trade rules also reflects the mutual game between national sovereignty and global value chain theory in the field of cross-border data flow.China is in a period of rapid development of digital economy.We must adhere to the contracting mode of coexistence of suggestions and binding clauses on the basis of summarizing the existing contracting practice of digital trade rules,take more initiative to build a multilateral cooperation platform for digital trade promote regional pilot sites of high-level digital trade rules,and speed up domestic data classification and cross-border flow stress testing,so as to enhance China's voice and guidance in the formation of digital trade rules.