重读■人盘

Re-Interpretation of the Inscription on the Bronze Zeren Plate

西周晚期青铜重器■人盘,铸有350字长篇铭文,史料价值尤重,故自清季出土以来,学者研释不绝。但对铭文内容的理解始终存在极大的分歧,以至于如最基本的盘之定名问题仍难取得共识。本文重对盘铭详为考证,佐证了清代学者刘心源主张定名“■人盘”的正确意见,并提出铭末之“仲农”实即盘主之名,而主履田立约的有司乃为■人仲农的职官,所以此盘当称“■人盘”,也可称为“仲农盘”或“■仲农盘”。同时,揭示了盘铭所反映的西周制度问题,广泛涉及土田移转及其交易细节、封树制度、道路制度、州聚制度、约剂制度及刑德思想,对完整认识西周社会具有重要的意义。

The late Western Zhou bronze Zeren plate with an inscription about 350 words is especially significant for its historic values Therefore,scholarly study and interpretations of the inscription have never ceased since its discovery in the Qing period.However,the understanding of the inscription is still under such a great debate that consensus has not been reached on some basic issues,for example,the naming of the bronze plate.This study thoroughly examines the inscription and confirms that it is correct to name it as Zeren plate,as proposed by the Qing Dynasty scholar Liu Xinyuan.The author also argues that inscribing Zhongnong at the end of the text is actually the name of the owner of this plate,and the officer in charge of land demarcation and deed recording is the official tittle of the Zeren Zhongnong.Thus,it is justified to name this plate as Zeren plate,Zhongnong plate,or Zezhongnong plate.Meanwhile,the author also reveals Western Zhou institutions reflected by the inscription in multiple aspects,ranging from the transfer,transaction and demarcation of land,road networks,administrative division,check and balance to punishment and legal ideas,which are important for a holistic understanding of the Western Zhou society.