遗址博物馆的特点与规建

The Characteristics of Heritage Site Museums and Their Planning and Constructions

遗址博物馆是保管、诠释/展陈和研究一个遗址出土文物与遗迹的社会公共机构、馆舍和场所。遗址博物馆不宜与区域博物馆或其他类型博物馆共用馆舍,但应承担起保护、管理和研究整个遗址的职责。遗址博物馆主馆的选址最好在遗址边缘或原先遗址的主要出入口处;主馆建筑体量不宜太大,外形不应模仿遗址建筑基址的推测复原形象;无论是主馆还是重要遗迹的保护展示性建筑,都不应简单模仿和放大可移动文物的外形作为建筑造型。遗址博物馆的展陈要兼顾室内可移动文物陈列和露天不可移动文物的展示,统一设计整个遗址博物馆的室内和野外的展陈,合理关联主馆室内陈列游线和遗址露天展示游线。

The heritage site museum is a public institution, building and place for the conservation, interpretation, exhibition and study of the entire artifacts of the heritage site. It should not share premises with other types of museums of the region, but should assume responsibility for the conservation, management,and study of the entire site. The main building of the site museum is preferably to be placed on the edge of the site where the main entrance to the site is located, and should avoid excessive size and a shape that would be confused with the restored image of the original architecture on the site. The main building or any galleries for exhibiting the remains of the site should not simply imitate the shape of any artifact unearthed from the site. The planning of exhibitions should take into account both the indoor display of movable cultural relics and the display of immovable cultural relics in the open air, which could be unified with integrated design that links the indoor and outdoor visiting routes.