城市绿地-三维建筑格局对大气污染物的影响研究进展

Research progress on the influence of urban green space and three-dimensional building pattern on air pollutants

随着城市化的快速扩展,城市大气污染已成为威胁城市居民身心健康的重要因素。城市绿地和三维建筑格局是构成城市格局的主要要素,对城市下垫面大气污染物的扩散具有重要作用。本文系统分析了城市绿地对大气污染物沉降、吸收和扩散的影响,明晰了三维格局的量化及其对大气污染物的影响,综合评述了城市绿地-三维建筑格局对大气污染物的复合调控作用。建议未来研究以实地监测为污染物浓度的主要获取途径,从街谷、社区、城市和城市群等4个尺度系统探索城市绿地-三维建筑格局对大气污染物分布和扩散的影响,揭示多尺度大气污染物浓度的扩散及其驱动机制,基于大气污染物减缓为城市绿地、建筑格局的规划与管理提供科学依据。

With rapid urbanization,air pollution has become an important problem threatening the health of urban residents.Urban green space and three-dimensional building configuration are core components of urban pattern,playing an important role in the dispersion of air pollutants.Here,we reviewed the influence of urban green space on the deposition,absorption,and dispersion of air pollutants,clarified the relationship between three-dimensional building configuration and air pollutants,and analyzed comprehensively regulation of urban green space and three-dimensional building configuration on air pollutant.We suggested that future research should concentrate on the role of green space and three-dimensional building pattern on air pollutant concentration base on field investigation across urban street canyons,communities,city,and agglomeration scales,reveal the mechanism underlying air pollutant diffusion,and provide guidelines for urban green space management,urban planning,and architectural design to mitigate urban air pollution.