上海方舱医院救治新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的实践及探索

Treatment practice of COVID-19 outbreak at Shanghai fangcang shelter hospital

2022年3月,以奥密克戎BA.2和BA.2.2变异株为主要流行株的新型冠状病毒(简称“新冠病毒”)肺炎疫情在上海蔓延。为彻底、快速阻断疫情传播,上海市建造市区两级方舱医院,用于隔离收治轻型确诊患者及无症状感染者。文章回顾了国内外方舱医院的发展沿革,进而结合上海新冠病毒肺炎疫情的特点,着重介绍上海国家会展中心方舱医院第四分院的救治实践,分析救治中存在的床位规模大、收治任务重、老年患者疫苗接种率低、疫情初期防护物资紧缺、心理问题突出、医院感染风险高等主要问题,并介绍针对上述问题采取的主要应对措施,为当前及今后新冠病毒肺炎疫情防控提供宝贵经验,并对未来方舱医院的建设提出展望。

In March 2022, the COVID-19 Omicron Ba.2 and BA.2.2 variants spread in Shanghai as the main circulating strains. In order to block the spread of the virus completely and quickly, Shanghai has built a Level-2 fangcang shelter hospital(FSH)(or alternate care site) for the isolation and treatment of confirmed cases with mild or no symptoms. This paper reviews the development and evolution of FSH or alternate care site at home and abroad, and then introduces the treatment practice of the fourth branch of FSH located in Shanghai National Convention and Exhibition Center, according to the characteristics of Shanghai novel coronavirus pneumonia. We also analyze the main problems during the treatment, such as large number of beds, heavy admission task, low vaccination rate of elderly patients, shortage of protective materials at the initial stage, prominent psychological problems, and high risk of hospitalization. Moreover, we propose the main solutions to the problems mentioned above, so as to provide valuable experience for the prevention and control of COVID-19 outbreak hereafter, and put forward prospects for the construction of FSH in the future.