铜/碳钢梯度材料组织及力学性能研究

Study on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cu/Carbon Steel Gradient Material

采用电沉积-扩散法在碳钢表面制备铜梯度层,获得了铜/碳钢梯度材料。利用金相显微镜,扫描电镜及维氏硬度测试与三点弯曲试验等研究了铜扩散及热处理工艺对碳钢显微组织及力学性能影响。结果表明,铜在碳钢中主要沿晶界扩散,铜的扩散同时限制了高温过程中碳钢晶粒的长大。经退火扩散处理制备的铜/碳钢梯度材料,表面具有同碳钢接近的硬度与抗弯强度,且随着铜扩散层深度的增加,含铜碳钢/碳钢梯度材料的表面维氏硬度值与抗弯强度逐渐升高。

Copper gradient layer was prepared on the surface of carbon steel by electrodeposition-diffusion method, and the copper/carbon steel gradient material was obtained. The effects of copper diffusion and heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of carbon steel were studied by metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope, Vickers hardness test and three-point bending test. The results show that copper diffuses mainly along grain boundaries in carbon steel, and the diffusion of the copper also limits the growth of the carbon steel grains in the high-temperature process. Copper/carbon steel graded material prepared by annealing diffusion has a hardness and flexural strength close to that of carbon steel. With the increase of the depth of copper diffusion layer, the surface Vickers hardness and bending strength of carbon steel/carbon steel gradient materials containing copper increase gradually.