无人机技术在生产建设项目水土保持监测中的精度研究

Research on Accuracy of UAV Technology in Monitoring of Soil and Water Conservation for Construction Projects

无人机遥感技术在生产建设项目水土保持监测、监督管理、设施验收等方面的应用日益广泛,但是对于成果精度缺乏系统性研究。采用无人机遥感监测、实地量测和资料收集3种监测方法,通过平地型渣场、坡地型渣场、回填工程区、开挖工程区和施工便道区等监测成果,系统分析了利用无人机遥感监测法测量扰动面积、土石方量、措施种类及工程量的精度。结果表明,对于扰动面积监测精度,点型区域(95.85%)大于线型区域(92.27%),且平地明显高于坡地;挖、填土石方量监测精度均大于90%,但高差越大精度越低;措施种类解译与现场复核结果一致,工程量监测水平精度大于98.46%,但垂直精度相对较低,最大仅为94.34%,而对于难以准确获取基础底部高程信息的措施,监测精度相对较低,甚至出现测量值明显失真现象(精度仅为34.90%),需采取人工现场补测高程信息提高垂直监测精度。无人机遥感精度能够较好满足行业要求,为水土保持监测信息化进一步的应用与发展指明了方向。

UAV remote sensing technology has been widely applied in soil and water conservation monitoring,supervision management and acceptance,etc.But there is a lack of systematic research on the accuracy of results.Based on UAV remote sensing technology,measurement and material collection,according to the monitoring results of flat land abandon slag fields,slope land abandon slag fields,backfill area,excavation area,construction road area,the measuring precision of disturbance area,earthwork volume,types of measures and engineering feat was systemly analyzed.The results showed that the monitoring accuracy of the disturbance area was higher in the spot-type area(95.85%)than in the linear area(92.27%),and it was obviously higher in the flat area than in the slope area.The monitoring accuracy of excavation and earth-filling volume was greater than 90%,but the higher the height difference was,the lower the accuracy was.The interpretation of measure types was consistent with the field review results.The horizontal accuracy of engineering quantity monitoring was greater than 98.46%,but the vertical accuracy was relatively low,the maximum was only 94.34%.For the measures that were difficult to accurately obtain the elevation information of the foundation bottom,the monitoring accuracy was relatively low,and there was even obvious distortion of the measured value(the accuracy is only 34.90%),so it was necessary to take manual field measurement of elevation information to improve the vertical monitoring accuracy.In summary,the accuracy of UAV remote sensing can better meet the requirements of the industry,which points out the direction for application and development of monitoring management in soil and water conservation.