荧光碳点的制备及在药物递送和生物医药领域中的应用

Preparation of fluorescent carbon dots and their applications in drug delivery and biomedical fields

目的对碳点(carbon dots,CDs)的制备及在药物递送系统和生物医药领域中的应用进行综述。方法参考近年来国内外文献52篇,从CDs的制备方法,CDs的长波长发射调控和CDs在药物递送系统和生物医药领域中的应用等几个方面进行整理和归纳。结果CDs可通过“自上而下法”和“自下而上法”两种方法制备。CDs的粒径、表面状态、杂原子掺杂和其他因素均能影响CDs的长波长发射调控,且由于CDs具有良好的生物相容性、易功能化和光致发光等性质而被广泛用于药物递送系统和生物医药领域,包括:生物成像与诊断、小分子药物和基因的靶向递送、肿瘤的光热疗法和光动力治疗、调控药物的释放和肿瘤的协同治疗等多个方面。文中也对目前CDs在药物递送系统中存在的问题和挑战进行了介绍。结论CDs作为新兴的纳米材料,在药物递送和生物医药领域的应用上拥有广阔的前景。

Objective To review the preparations of carbon dots(CDs)and their applications in drug delivery systems and biomedicine.Methods The preparation methods,the long-wavelength emission adjustment,and the application of CDs in drug delivery systems were sorted out and summarized by referring to 52 domestic and foreign literatures in recent years.Results CDs can be prepared by“top-down”method and“bottom-up”method.The particle size,surface state,heteroatom doping and other factors can affect the long-wavelength emission regulation of CDs.Due to the good biocompatibility,easy functionalization and photoluminescence,CDs have been widely used in drug delivery systems and biomedicine,including:bioimaging and diagnosis,targeted delivery of small molecules and genes,photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy of tumors,regulation of drug release and synergetic treatment of tumors.The paper also introduces the current problems and challenges of CDs in drug delivery systems.Conclusion As an emerging nanomaterial,CDs have broad prospects in the application of smart drug delivery systems and biomedical fields.