北京市某三级甲等医院职工职业性肌肉骨骼疾患现状及原因分析

Analysis on status and causes of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among employees in a grade-A tertiary hospital of Beijing

目的了解北京市某三级甲等医院职工职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(work-related musculoskeletal disorders,WMSDs)现状。方法2019年10月采用中文版肌肉骨骼疾患问卷对该院381名职工近1年内肌肉骨骼疾患进行流行病学横断面调查,并对数据进行分析。结果调查人群近1年WMSDs患病率为90.3%,患病率较高的部位有颈部(75.9%)、肩部(60.1%)和下背/腰部(50.4%)。年龄、体质指数(body mass index,BMI)、不良工作环境、驾驶车辆及搬运重物对不同部位的WMSDs发病率产生影响;而不同锻炼强度对各个部位的WMSDs发病率均无明显影响。结论北京市某三级甲等医院职工WMSDs发病率较高,应重视医疗行业的WMSDs,积极进行不良工效学负荷评估及工作场所环境风险评估。

Objective To investigate the current situation of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs)among employees in a grade-A tertiary hospital of Beijing.Methods In October 2019,a cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted with Chinese version of musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire on 381 employees in the hospital,and the data were analyzed.Results The prevalence rate of WMSDs in this population in recent year was 90.3%,and the higher prevalence sites were neck(75.9%),shoulder(60.1%)and lower back/waist(50.4%).Age,body mass index(BMI),bad working environment,driving vehicles and carrying heavy objects were the influence factors on the incidence of WMSDs in different parts.However,different exercise intensity had no obvious effect on the incidence of WMSDs in different parts.Conclusion There is a high incidence of WMSDs among employees in a grade-A tertiary hospital of Beijing,so it is necessary to pay attention to WMSDs in medical industry,and actively carry out adverse ergonomic load assessment and workplace environmental risk assessment.