生态工程:回顾与展望

Ecological Engineering:Review and Prospect

2030年联合国可持续发展目标日益迫近,全球进入生态系统恢复关键期。生态工程作为生态系统调控的主要手段之一,在提升生态系统质量和稳定性方面发挥了重要作用。生态工程概念的提出距今已60多年,在当前“山水林田湖草是一个生命共同体”理念指导下,生态工程的研究对象、目标、方法和手段等均发生了深刻变化,生态保护修复进入新阶段。本文在全面回顾生态工程发展历程的基础上,辨析了生态工程概念的新内涵,阐述了生态工程理论演进过程和最新动态,并结合国内外重大生态工程实践进展,提出了生态工程的关键科学问题和未来发展趋势,为中国乃至全球生态工程理论探究和实践提供借鉴。

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 are approaching,and the world has entered a critical period of ecosystem restoration.As one of the main means of ecosystem regulation,ecological engineering plays an important role in improving the quality and stability of ecosystem.The concept of ecological engineering has been put forward for more than 60 years.Under the guidance of the current idea of“taking mountains,rivers,forests,farmlands,lakes,grasslands as a life community”,the research objects,objectives,methods and means of ecological engineering have undergone profound changes.Therefore,this means that ecological protection and restoration have entered a new stage.Based on a comprehensive review of the development process of ecological engineering,this manuscript mainly carries out the following research:(1)the new connotation of the concept of ecological engineering is analyzed;(2)the theoretical evolution process and the latest trends of ecological engineering are described;(3)combined with the practical progress of major ecological engineering at home and abroad,the scientific problems and development trends of ecological engineering are put forward.This will provide a thinking method reference for the theoretical exploration and practice of ecological engineering in China and even the world.