过渡金属双功能催化剂在碱性条件下电解水

Water electrolysis on transition metal bifunctional catalysts under alkaline conditions

氢能是最具前景的清洁能源之一,在可再生电力的驱动下,电化学水分解是目前较为理想的制氢技术之一。然而该技术大规模应用的关键是开发成本低且高效的电催化剂来代替贵金属基催化剂。双功能电催化剂的制备,有利于简化电解槽的设计,避免不同电催化剂在两个电极上的交叉效应,并大大降低器件的制造和运行成本。目前,一系列过渡金属基双功能电催化剂已被开发用于电解水。本文首先介绍电解水制氢反应的机理和特点;然后综述非贵金属双功能电催化剂的最新研究进展,重点总结了基于过渡金属磷化物、氢氧化物、氧化物、氮化物、硫化物以及在大电流条件下具有良好催化性能的双功能催化剂;最后探讨了过渡金属基双功能电催化剂面临的挑战并做出展望。

Electrocatalytic water splitting by renewable electricity is a promising technique for hydrogen production,which is the most potential clean energy.However,the key for the large scale application of this technique is to develop highly efficient electrocatalysts with low cost to replace the noble metal based ones.The preparation of the bifunctional electrocatalyst is beneficial to simplify the design of the electrolytic cell,avoid the cross effect of different electrocatalysts on the two electrodes,and greatly reduce the manufacturing and operating costs of the device.At present,a series of transition metal based bifunctional electrocatalysts for both anode and cathode have been already developed for the overall water splitting.This article first introduces the mechanism and characteristics of the hydrogen production reaction by electrolysis of water.Then the latest research progress of non-noble metal bifunctional electrocatalysts was discussed,focusing on summarizing transition metal-based phosphides,hydroxides,oxides,nitrides,selenides,sulfides,and those dual function catalyst with good catalytic performance under high current.Finally,the prospective on current challenges and future prospects for overall water splitting driven by advanced transition metal electrocatalysts are briefly discussed.