新冠肺炎疫情与数据治理的“欧洲方案”:公共安全还是数据保护?

The COVID-19and the“European Solution”of Data-based Approach to Governance:Public Securityor Data Protection?

为应对新冠肺炎疫情的挑战,欧洲出台了相关的数据治理措施,学者们对此评价分歧严重,对此问题的研究有助于进一步探讨该分歧。梳理疫情对欧洲在公共安全与数据保护方面的挑战,可总结出数据治理的“欧洲方案”,包括立法、工具、监督、国际合作及延续等方面。“欧洲方案”虽然在一定程度上遏制了疫情的蔓延,但受欧盟传统价值观影响,该方案在公共安全和数据保护的平衡上过于理想化,加深了二者的困境,存在较多问题,如立法模糊、工具的有效性及安全性不足、国际合作道阻且长、数字绿色证书规制有待完善等。因此,在重大公共卫生危机下,探寻公共安全与数据保护的平衡任重而道远。

To cope with the challenges of COVID-19 Europe has issued relevant measures of data-based approach to governance,on which scholars have huge differences,and the related researches are conducive to further discussion on the differences By sorting out the challenges posed by the pandemic to public security and data protection in Europe,the“European Solution”of the data-based approach to governance is made,including legislation,instruments,supervision,international cooperation,and continuity.The Program has curbed the spread of the pandemic to a certain extent However,due to the influence of the traditional values of the EU,the Program is too idealistic in the balance between public security and data protection,which intensifies the dilemma and causes many problems,such as ambiguous legislation,inadequate effectiveness and security of instruments,arduous and long way to the international cooperation,and imperfect regulations on digital green certificates Therefore,in a major crisis,it remains a long way to explore the balance between public security and data protection.