老年人工作权的法律保障——基于反就业年龄歧视法的比较分析

Legal Guarantee of the Elderly's Right to Work-A Comparative Analysis Based on Age Discrimination in Employment Act

在深度老龄化的背景下,许多国家已经开始治理劳动与就业领域的年龄歧视现象,保障老年人平等充分地享有工作权利。从规范内容来看,各国关于就业年龄歧视的法律规范高度相似,但又存在豁免条款和法律救济方面的差异,大致形成了美国、欧洲和日本三种规制模式。我国在反就业年龄歧视方面的立法尚属空白,应当吸收转化域外治理经验,在代际团结与合作的基础.上适时推进相关立法,为老年人的工作权利和积极应对人口老龄化提供法律保障;运用人权话语提炼表达中国方案,积极参与老年人专门国际人权文书的缔约进程。

In the context of the in-depth aging of the population,many countries have begun to rectify the age discrimination in labor and employment to ensure that the elderly enjoy equal and adequate rights to work.In terms of the content of regulations,the legal norms of age discrimination in employment are highly similar in different countries.Yet,there are differences in exemption clauses and legal relief.So three major regulatory modes have taken shape respectively in the United States,Europe and Japan There is still a gap in legislation against Age Discrimination in Employment in China,so the experience of extraterritorial governance should be taken for reference to timely promote relevant legislation based on intergenerational solidarity and cooperation,and provide legal guarantee for the elderly on the right to work and the handling of the aging of the population The discourse on human rights is utilized to express China's Program to be actively involved in the process of signing the international instruments on human rights specialized for the elderly.