考虑热环境的复合材料层合板振动响应相似设计方法及试验研究

Similarity Design Method and Experimental Study of Vibration Response of Composite Laminates in Thermal Environment

针对高温环境下的复合材料层合板动力学试验开展困难、耗时、成本和危险性高等问题,提出了热环境下层合板试验模型的相似设计方法(Similarity method of laminates in thermal environment,SMLTE)。首先建立热环境下悬臂层合薄板振动的理论模型,利用最小势能原理结合Ritz法求解获得其固有频率和振型,通过与文献计算结果、ANSYS仿真结果对比验证数值求解方法的正确性。然后,推导了复合材料层合薄板固有频率、加速度响应和温度的相似关系。分别以精确相似和考虑铺层畸变的层合板为数值案例,验证了推导得到的相似关系的正确性。最后,搭建热环境下的层合板振动响应测试系统,对提出的相似方法进行试验验证。结果显示,通过所提出的SMLTE方法建立的动力学相似关系能够复现原型结构的固有特性和振动响应,为热环境下层合板的模型试验提供了有力支撑。

Aiming at the problems of difficulty,time consuming,high cost and high risk in the dynamic test of composite laminates in thermal environment,the SMLTE(Similarity method of laminates in thermal environment)method is proposed.Firstly,the theoretical model of vibration of cantilever laminated plate in thermal environment is established,and its natural frequency and modal shape are obtained by using the principle of minimum potential energy and Ritz method.The correctness of the numerical calculation method is verified by comparing with the calculation results in literature and ANSYS simulation results.Then,a set of scaling laws of natural frequencies,acceleration response and temperature of composite laminates are derived.The correctness of the deduced scaling laws is verified by taking the exact similarity laminates and the laminates with the stacking sequence distortion as numerical examples.Finally,the vibration response test system of laminated plates in thermal environment is built to verify the proposed similarity method.The results show that the dynamic scaling laws established by the proposed DSDLTE method can reproduce the natural characteristics and vibration response of the prototype structure,which provides a strong support for the model test of the composite plate in thermal environments.