腹腔镜术后恶心呕吐预防和管理的循证护理实践

Evidence-based nursing practice of prevention and management of nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic surgery

目的:实施术后恶心呕吐预防和管理的循证实践并观察其效果。方法:应用循证护理的方法形成最佳证据,以基于证据的持续质量改进模式为理论框架,按照证据获取、现状审查、证据应用和效果评价,于2021年3月—5月将证据应用于术后恶心呕吐病人的管理中,比较循证实践应用前后病人术后恶心呕吐的发生率、恶心呕吐程度的改变等指标的变化。结果:循证实践应用了22条证据,证据应用组术后恶心呕吐的发生率和术后恶心呕吐的程度均明显低于基线审查组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:通过循证护理对术后恶心呕吐进行管理,可有效减少术后恶心呕吐的发生,降低术后恶心呕吐反应的程度,同时规范了术后恶心呕吐管理的方法和护理措施,提高了护士循证实践的能力。

Objective:Implement the evidence-based practice of prevention and management of postoperative nausea and vomiting and observe its effect.Methods:Evidence-based nursing methods were applied to form the best evidence,taking the evidence-based continuous quality improvement model as the theoretical framework,according to the evidence acquisition,status review,evidence application and effect evaluation.From March to May 2021,the evidence was applied to the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting patients,in order to compare the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting before and after the application of evidence-based practice,changes in indicators such as changes in the degree of nausea and vomiting.Results:22 pieces of evidence were applied in evidence-based practice.The incidence and degree of postoperative nausea and vomiting in the evidence application group were significantly lower than those in the baseline review group(P<0.05).Conclusions:The management of postoperative nausea and vomiting through evidence-based nursing can effectively reduce the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting,reduce the degree of postoperative nausea and vomiting reaction,standardize the management methods and nursing measures of postoperative nausea and vomiting,and improve the ability of nurses in evidence-based practice.