1990年与2019年中国病毒性脑炎疾病负担分析

The disease burden of viral encephalitis in China between 1990 and 2019

目的分析中国1990年与2019年病毒性脑炎(viral encephalitis,VE)疾病负担的变化状况,并与同期全球数据进行对比,为我国制定有效的VE防治策略提供参考。方法采用2019年全球疾病负担研究(The Global Burden of Diseases 2019,GBD 2019)数据,分析VE的发病率、患病率、死亡率、伤残损失健康寿命年(years lived with disability,YLD)率、死亡损失健康寿命年(years of life lost,YLL)率及其标化率,并对比全球变化情况。结果2019年,中国VE发病率为15.27/10万、患病率为74.34/10万、死亡率为0.24/10万、YLD率为7.29/10万、YLL率为13.40/10万,与1990年相比,分别下降27.18%、33.42%、70.00%、40.29%及78.56%。2019年,中国除标化死亡率、YLL率外,其余标化指标均超全球水平。2019年,中国男性标化发病率、患病率、死亡率、YLD率及YLL率分别为22.81/10万、73.74/10万、0.34/10万、7.46/10万、22.26/10万,均高于同期女性。与1990年相似,2019年中国0~4岁人群VE的发病率、死亡率均较其他年龄组高,50岁以上人群发病率、死亡率呈逐渐升高趋势。结论截至2019年,我国VE的疾病负担整体水平较高,在积极降低感染风险的同时,也应重视疾病初期的实验室检查,早发现早治疗以控制病情发展,重点关注儿童和老年男性群体。

Objective To explore changes in disease burden of viral encephalitis(VE)in China between 1990 and 2019 and compare this with the global situation over the same period,so as to provide direction for effective prevention and control strategies.Method Based on the data from the Global Burden of Diseases 2019 survey(GBD 2019),the incidence,prevalence,mortality,years lived with disability(YLD)rate,years of life lost(YLL)rate and their standardized rates were analyzed and compared with global changes.Result In 2019,the incidence,prevalence,mortality,YLD and YLL rate of VE in China were 15.27/100,000,74.34/100,000,0.24/100,000,7.29/100,000 and 13.40/100,000,which decreased by 27.18%,33.42%,70.00%,40.29%and 78.56%respectively,which compared with that of 1990.In 2019,the remaining standardized indicators in China exceeded the global level except the standardized mortality and YLL rate.In 2019,the standardized incidence,prevalence,mortality,YLD and YLL rate of males in China were 22.81/100,000,73.74/100,000,0.34/100,000,7.46/100,000 and 22.26/100,000 respectively,which were higher than those of females in the same period.Similar to 1990,the incidence and mortality rate among Chinese between 0~4 years old were higher compared with those in other age groups.The incidence and mortality rate among people over 50 years old were gradually increasing.Conclusion As of 2019,the overall disease burden of VE in China was high.While actively reducing the risk of infection,attention should also be paid to laboratory examination at the early stage of the disease,timely detection,early diagnosis and treatment,and active control of the disease development.Children and elderly men should be the focus of attention.