新能源汽车使用环节碳减排方法学研究

Study on the Methodology of Carbon Emission Reduction in NEV Use

交通运输行业是碳排放比例较高的行业之一,新能源汽车作为节能减排的重要工具,在使用环节鼓励消费成为重要的研究课题。碳排放权交易是控制温室气体排放的重要市场手段,已经在全球30多个国家和地区实施;我国从2012年起也开展了地方试点,并于2021年7月正式启动全国市场。该文梳理了国内外交通行业参与碳排放权交易市场的进展,使用国内外通用的计算方法学采用“自上而下”方式测算了我国新能源汽车使用环节碳减排量。从核算方法学、新能源汽车种类和各地区情况等方面分析了参与碳排放权交易机制,并提出新能源汽车使用环节参与碳排放权交易发展和建设的政策建议。

With the rapid development of China's new energy vehicle(NEV)industry,its penetration rate is increasing,especially in big cities.The transportation industry is one of the industries with a high proportion of carbon emissions,and new energy vehicles are an important tool for energy saving and emission reduction.How to encourage more NEV use by consumers in the daily use besides in the production and sales under the policy of subsidy withdrawal and double credits has become an important research topic.Carbon emission trading market is an important market tool to control greenhouse gas emissions,which has been implemented in more than 30 countries and regions around the world,and China has launched a local pilot market since 2012 and a national market in July 2021.This paper adopts a"top-down"approach to measure the carbon emission reduction from the use of new energy vehicles in China,using a common calculation methodology at home and abroad.In addition,the progress of domestic and international transportation industry participation in the carbon emission trading market is reviewed,and the mechanism of participation in carbon emission trading is analyzed in terms of accounting methodology,types of new energy vehicles and the situation of each region.Policy suggestions for the development and construction of the participation by new energy vehicle use in carbon emission trading are put forward.