混合干草对奶山羊公羔生长发育、屠宰性能、肉品质和血清抗氧化指标的影响

Effects of Different Hay Composition on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Meat Quality and Serum Antioxidant Indexes of Male Dairy Kids

为比较不同组成的混合干草对奶山羊公羔生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质和血清抗氧化指标的影响,将24只奶山羊公羔(11.48±0.55)kg随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复2只羊,分别饲喂4种混合干草:苜蓿+燕麦(Ⅰ组)、苜蓿+多年生黑麦草(Ⅱ组)、毛苕子+多年生黑麦草(Ⅲ组),以当地传统混合干草(作物秸秆50%、苜蓿30%和田间杂草20%)为对照组(CK)。处理组两种饲草比例均为1∶1,各组精料配比一致,精粗料分开饲喂。预饲期15 d,正试期70 d。结果显示:(1)与对照组相比饲喂果园混合干草提高奶山羊平均日增重,以Ⅰ组效果最显著(P<0.05)。Ⅰ、Ⅲ组体高显著增加(P<0.05);(2)Ⅰ组羔羊的胴体重、眼肌面积和GR值等指标较其他组有显著提高(P<0.05);(3)Ⅱ组中剪切力显著低于其它处理组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组亮度L*24 h显著高于其他处理组(P<0.05);(4)Ⅱ组血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著升高(P<0.05),较其他组升高16.67%~23.41%,Ⅰ组羔羊血清过氧化氢酶活性显著升高(P<0.05);(5)饲喂果园生混合干草,育肥羔羊的增收和经济效益均显著高于CK组(P<0.05),其中Ⅰ组最高,增收为267.74元/只、经济效益为208.51元/只。综上分析认为,以苜蓿+燕麦(1∶1)混合干草对萨能奶山羊公羔的生长性能和屠宰性能最优,饲喂效果最好,经济效益最佳。

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different hay composition in roughage on the growth and slaughter performance,slaughter performance,meat quality and serum antioxidant indexes of male kids.24 healthy male goat kids(11.48±0.55 kg)were selected,and randomly divided into four groups,each group with three replicates,each replicates two kids.Mixed hay with four different compositions were fed to them,which were local traditional mixed hay(crop straw 50%,alfalfa 30%and field weeds 20%)as the control group(CK),alfalfa+oats(groupⅠ),alfalfa+perennial ryegrass(groupⅡ),vetch+perennial ryegrass(groupⅢ).The ratio of the two forages in each treatment group was 1:1(dry matter basis),and the proportions of concentrates in the 4 groups were the same.The concentrates and coarse feeds were fed separately.The pre-feeding period was 15 days and the test period was 70 days.Results showed(1)compared with the control group(CK)feeding orchard mixed hay increased the average daily gain of dairy kids.The effect for group I was the most significant(P<0.05).The body height increased significantly in groupsⅠandⅢ(P<0.05);(2)The carcass weight,eye muscle area and GR value of kids in groupⅠwere significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05);(3)The shear force in groupⅡwas significantly lower than that in other treatment groups(P<0.05),and the brightness L*24h in groupⅢwas significantly higher than that in other treatment groups(P<0.05);(4)Serum glutathione peroxidase activity in group II was significantly increased(P<0.05),and was higher by 16.67%~23.41%than that in other groups.Serum catalase activity in kids in group I significantly increased(P<0.05);(5)The income increase and economic benefits of fattening kids fed with orchard mixed hay were significantly higher than those of CK group(P<0.05),among which group I was the highest,with an increase of 267.74 yuan per goat and the economic benefit being 208.51 yuan per goat.Based on the above analysis,it is concluded that male Saanen dairy kids fed with alfalfa+oats mixed hay(1∶1)has the best growth and slaughter performance.Its feeding effect and economic benefit are all best.