家禽产肉性能相关基因研究进展

Research Progress of Meat Traits Related Genes in Poultry

家禽的肉用性状主要包括体重、体增重、屠宰率和体型(肉用家禽主要是胸宽和胸角度),与其产肉性能相关的肌肉发育过程受到复杂的网络基因调控,因此探究与产肉性能有关的基因是提高家禽产肉能力的关键。文章概述了肌肉生长抑制素(MSTN)、生肌调节因子(MRFs)、生肌细胞增强子因子家族(MEF2)、Pax基因家族(Pax3、Pax7)四种细胞外生长因子通过不同表达量和SNP位点来影响肌肉的分化、生长从而影响禽肉的产量和质量的过程,以期对我国家禽产肉性能的分子调控机理提供理论依据。

The poultry meat traits mainly include body weight,body weight gain,slaughter rate and body shape(breast width and breast angle are the main characteristics of meat poultry).The muscle development process related to meat production performance is regulated by complex network genes.Therefore,exploring meat production performance related genes is the key point to improve meat production ability of poultry.This article summarizes how 4 extracellular growth factors including the myostatin(MSTN),regulating factor(MRFs),the production of raw muscle cell enhancer factor family(MEF2),Pax gene(Pax 3 and Pax 7)affect the process of muscle differentiation and growth through different expression levels and SNP sites,and consequently impact the yield and quality of poultry meat.It is hoped to provide theoretical basis for the regulation of poultry meat performance in China.