基于GIS空间分析的德令哈市生态脆弱性评价

Ecological vulnerability assessment of Delhi City based on GIS spatial analysis

对生态环境进行脆弱性评价是划定生态保护重要区的重要前提。地处柴达木腹地的德令哈市位置偏远,基础数据获取难度大,按照常规方法对其进行评价具有一定的局限性,因此,通过改进评价模型,采用替代指标法进行评价。根据德令哈市的自然资源禀赋条件,基于地理信息空间分析,采用改进模型法,对完整性不高的基础数据进行数据替代,从而对德令哈市水土流失与土地沙化两种生态脆弱性进行评价。结果表明:1)德令哈市水土流失的极度脆弱区域面积为4905 km^(2),占区域总面积17.90%;土地沙化的极度脆弱区面积为4932 km^(2),占区域总面积18.00%。2)德令哈市的生态脆弱性较高,极度脆弱区面积为9032 km^(2),占区域总面积32.96%,集中分布在德令哈市的南部地区与柯鲁柯镇和怀头他拉镇的交界地区。该项研究可为德令哈市保护重要区的划定提供支撑。

Vulnerability assessment of ecological environment is an important prerequisite for delimiting important ecological protection areas.Delhi City,located in the hinterland of Qaidam,is remote and difficult to obtain basic data.Evaluating it according to conventional methods has certain limitations.Therefore,this study improves the evaluation model and uses the alternative index method for evaluation.According to the natural resource endowment conditions of Delhi city and based on the spatial analysis of geographic information,this paper uses the improved model method to replace the basic data with low integrity,and evaluates the two ecological vulnerabilities of soil and water loss and land desertification in Delhi city.The results show that:(1)the extremely vulnerable area of soil and water loss in Delhi city is 4905 km^(2),accounting for 17.90%of the total area of the region;The extremely vulnerable area of land desertification is 4932 km^(2),accounting for 18.00%of the total area of the region.(2)Delhi city has high ecological vulnerability,with an extremely vulnerable area of 9032 km^(2),accounting for 32.96%of the total area of the region,it is concentrated in the southern area of Delhi city and the border area between koruko town and waitoutara town.The study can provide support for the delimitation of important protected areas in Delhi city.