单活性官能团封端的聚硅氧烷研究进展

Research Progress of Polysiloxane Terminated with Single Active Functional Group

在硅化学领域中,聚硅氧烷的半无机特性使其在生产与生活中的应用受到了广泛关注,为满足聚硅氧烷在基材应用中的特殊需求,单活性官能团封端的聚硅氧烷在常见双封端聚硅氧烷的基础上得到发展,并在越来越多的领域中得到应用。与双封端聚硅氧烷相比,单活性官能团封端的聚硅氧烷的一个链端为具有化学惰性的官能团,另一链端为可参与化学反应的活性官能团,该活性官能团的活性位点可与其他单体或者含有活性基团的有机聚合物、无机物或硅系化合物进行接枝或者共聚反应,形成嵌段或者接枝改性的硅氧烷共聚物,此类反应不仅可以提高聚硅氧烷的力学性能,而且还可以将聚硅氧烷的优异特性与其他聚合物的特性结合,使得单封端聚硅氧烷在涂料、与其他物质复配等方面拥有更好的优势。根据官能团的不同,对单活性官能团封端的聚硅氧烷进行了分类,综述了单活性官能团封端聚硅氧烷的研究进展和应用领域,并对单活性官能团封端的聚硅氧烷的发展趋势进行了展望。

In the field of silicon chemistry,polysiloxanes have semi-inorganic properties,which have attracted wide attention in production and life.In order to meet the special needs of polysiloxane in application of basic materials,single terminated polysiloxanes are developed on the basis of common double terminated polysiloxanes and used in more and more fields.Compared with double terminated polysiloxane,in single-active functional group terminated polysiloxane molecular,one of its terminal groups is a chemically inert group,while the other is an active functional group that can participate in numerous chemical reactions,and the active reaction sites are used to graft or copolymerize with other monomers or organic polymers,inorganic substances or silicon compounds containing active groups to form block or graft-modified siloxane copolymers,which can not only improve the mechanical properties of polysiloxane,but also combine the excellent properties of polysiloxane with those of other polymers.It makes single terminated polysiloxane gain better advantages in coatings,compounding with other substances and so on.According to the difference of functional groups,single-active functional group terminated polysiloxanes are classified in this manuscript,and the research progress and application fields of single-active functional group terminated polysiloxanes are briefly reviewed.The prospects of single-active functional group terminated polysiloxanes are also provided.