初论魏宁格对维特根斯坦《逻辑哲学论》的思想影响

A Tentative Argument of Weininger’s Influence on Wittgenstein’s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus

研究者解读《逻辑哲学论》时偏执于重构论证,使得《逻辑哲学论》的解读遇到困境,并与维特根斯坦的初衷相偏离。维特根斯坦认为,其只是复制了名单人物的思想,而魏宁格就是名单人物之一。通过质疑冯·赖特对“1931年维氏列出的名单”的传统解读,以《性与性格》与《逻辑哲学论》的关系为切入点,对二者哲学思想进行比较研究,可以说明,魏宁格的思想对维特根斯坦的《逻辑哲学论》产生了巨大的影响,这些影响包括对哲学看法的影响,对“要理解某一事物,就要站在某一事物之外”这个前提的影响,对“伦理、逻辑、世界”三者关系的看法所产生的影响,对意志主义与唯我论的影响。这些影响不仅对理解《逻辑哲学论》显得十分重要,而且透过它们,还可以了解魏宁格被人淡忘的哲学思想,重拾魏宁格的思想价值。

When researchers interpret Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus,they are paranoid to reconstruct the argument,which makes the interpretation encounter difficulties and deviate from Wittgenstein’s original intention.Wittgenstein believes that the works just copies the ideas of the list characters,and Weininger is one of the characters on the list.By questioning Wright’s traditional interpretation of“the list by Wittgenstein in 1931”,and taking the relationship between Sex and Character and Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus as the starting point,a comparative study of their philosophical thoughts can show that Weininger’s thoughts have had a great impact on Wittgenstein’s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus,including the impact on philosophical views,the influence on the premise that“to understand something,we must stand outside of something”,the influence on the view of the relationship among ethics,logic and the world,and the influence on voluntarism and solipsism.These influences are very important for understanding Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus,because they can help us understand Weininger’s forgotten philosophical thoughts and regain Weininger’s ideological value.