晚播条件下河南省新乡市冬小麦苗情及生育后期管理

Seedling Condition and Ma-nagement at Late Growth Stage of Late Sown Winter Wheat in Xinxiang City of Henan Province

受2021年夏季强降雨洪涝灾害及9月中下旬持续降雨的影响,我国多省冬小麦播期普遍推迟,播期明显拉长,导致晚播弱苗占比较高。通过加强前期管理,小麦进入拔节期后生产形势整体向好,但弱苗较往年仍然偏高。冬小麦拔节孕穗到成熟期是产量形成的关键时期,加强小麦后期的田间管理对小麦高产和稳产至关重要。分析了河南省新乡市小麦生产形势,结合小麦生育前期气候状况和田间观察对当前小麦苗情进行了分析,并进一步从水肥管理、“一喷三防”、人工拔草和适时收获等方面阐述了加强后期管理的具体措施,为晚播小麦实现高产提供依据。

Due to the heavy rainfall and flood disaster in the summer of 2021 and the continuous rainfall in the middle and late September,the sowing date of winter wheat in many provinces of China was generally delayed and the sowing date was significantly extended,resulting in a high proportion of weak seedlings in late sowing.Through strengthening the management in the early stage,the production situation of wheat was better after entering the jointing stage,but the weak seedling was still higher than in previous years.The stage from elongation and booting to maturity of winter wheat is the key period for yield formation.It is very important to strengthen field management in late wheat period for high and stable yield of wheat.This study has analyzed(1)the wheat production situation of Xinxiang,Henan province,(2)the present seedling situation of wheat combining with climate conditions the early stage of the wheat and the current wheat’s field observation,(3)and the concrete measures to strengthen the late management from the water and fertilizer management,one spray for three preventions,weeding and harvesting,in order to provide the support for late sown wheat to achieve high yield.