新疆50年日最高气温时空分布特征

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Daily Maximum Temp-erature in Xinjiang in 50 Years

运用新疆地区1966—2015年逐日最高气温的数据资料,分析了新疆50年的平均日最高温的多年变化和空间分布。结果表明:新疆平均日最高温的多年变化是不断升高的,变化趋势率为0.307℃/10年,较全国最高气温升高趋势变化率为0.1℃/10年大许多;新疆平均日最高气温的周期变化主要有29年左右的主周期,并于1990年前后发生突变;新疆地区50年平均日最高气温的空间分布变化较大,由南向北,呈现高—低—高—低的态势,这是由新疆实际地形所致;日最高气温年极大值50年平均的高温区主要分布在南疆的大部分地区和北疆中部沙漠地区;50年内日最高气温≥35℃和≥40℃的天数最多的地方都集中在吐鲁番地区,可见吐鲁番地区和南疆东部沙漠地区是中国最热的地区。

Based on the data of daily maximum temperature in Xinjiang from 1966 to 2015,this paper analyzes the multi-year change and spatial distribution of the average daily maximum temperature in Xinjiang for 50 years.It shows that the multi-year change of the average daily maximum temperature in Xinjiang is increasing,and the change trend rate is 0.307℃/10 a,which is much larger than that of the national maximum temperature of 0.1℃/10 a.The cycle change of average daily maximum temperature in Xinjiang mainly has a main cycle of about 29 years,and there is a sudden change around 1990.The spatial distribution of the 50-year average daily maximum temperature in Xinjiang varies greatly from south to north,showing a trend of high low high low,which is caused by the new actual terrain.The 50 year average high temperature area with the annual maximum of daily maximum temperature is mainly distributed in most areas of Southern Xinjiang and the desert area in the middle of Northern Xinjiang.The places with the most days of daily maximum temperature≥35℃and≥40℃in 50 years are concentrated in Turpan area.It can be seen that Turpan and the eastern desert of Southern Xinjiang are the hottest areas in China.