克拉玛依区域气温日较差的气候变化特征

Climate Change Characte-ristics of Daily Temperature Range in Karamay Region

利用一元线性回归法将克拉玛依地区4个地区的气温序列统一订正到1960—2019年,通过线性趋势法、五年滑动平均对平均气温、最高气温、最低气温以及日较差进行了趋势研究,并应用相关统计法进一步分析影响日较差变化的气象因子。结果表明:克拉玛依地区四季日较差均呈显著减小趋势,其中冬季最显著,空间分布北部最显著。四季中最低气温上升趋势最明显,最高气温上升趋势较弱,仅有秋季达到显著水平。各月平均气温日较差与日照时数、平均风速呈正相关,与水汽压、总云量、降水量以及相对湿度呈负相关,其中与日照时数相关性最强。年气温日较差与日照时数相关性最强。

The temperature series of four districts in Karamay area are uniformly revised to 1960~2019 by using univariate linear regression method.The trend of average temperature,maximum temperature,minimum temperature and daily range are studied by linear trend method and fiveyear moving average,and the meteorological factors affecting the change of daily range are further analyzed by using relevant statistical method.The results show that the diurnal range of four seasons in Karamay area decreases significantly,especially in winter,and the spatial distribution is the most significant in the north.The rising trend of the lowest temperature is the most obvious in the four seasons,and the rising trend of the highest temperature is weak,only reaching a significant level in autumn.The daily range of monthly average temperature is positively correlated with sunshine hours and average wind speed,and negatively correlated with water vapor pressure,total cloud cover,precipitation and relative humidity,among which the correlation with sunshine hours is the strongest.The daily range of annual temperature has the greatest correlation with sunshine hours.