欧洲国家创新政策的实践与启示--以英国、瑞典与德国为例

Practice and Enlightenment of European national innovation policy——Taking Britain Sweden and Germany as examples

创新发展与传播的整个过程均会受到创新政策的影响。挑选了三个欧洲创新型国家进行分析,研究其创新政策的具体实践状况。分析结果现实,英国创新政策重视可持续性,政府对中间型研发机构和信托企业进行投资,切实推动了变革型创新;瑞典着眼于企业主体创新水平的提高,组建国有风投公司推动初创企业发展:德国结合产业融合制定创新政策,完善创新系统,避免科研资金浪费。我国应该总结上述国家的成功经验,推动可持续创新,持续强化产业融合发展,把握企业的重要地位,努力提升自主创新水平。

The whole process of innovation development and dissemination will be affected by innovation policy.This paper selects three European innovative countries to analyze and study the specific practice of their innovation policies.The results show that the British innovation policy attaches importance to sustainability,and the government invests in intermediate R&D institutions and trust enterprises,which effectively promotes transformational innovation;Focusing on the improvement of the innovation level of enterprise subjects,Sweden established a state-owned venture capital company to promote the development of start-ups;Germany formulates innovation policies in combination with industrial integration,improves the innovation system and avoids the waste of scientific research funds.China should summarize the successful experience of the above countries,promote sustainable innovation,continue to strengthen industrial integration development,grasp the important position of enterprises and strive to improve the level of independent innovation.