精铸叶片分组阵列抛光技术研究

Study on Grouping and Array Polishing Technology of Precision Casting Blade

针对目前航空发动机涡轮叶片精铸后余量分布不均且人工抛光一致性差的现状,提出了一种叶片分组自动化抛光工艺方法。首先,设计了一套快速装夹工装,方便后续批量叶片的测量和加工找正;其次,基于叶片型面的测量点数据对批次叶片进行了聚类分组;最后,利用测量数据对组内的叶片工艺模型进行自适应重构,并配准调整加工坐标系,生成同组叶片的加工刀轨进行同步阵列抛光。对某型号航空发动机批次涡轮叶片进行了分组以及阵列抛光实验,结果表明,经分组后的叶片加工一致性较高,且满足型面及进排气边公差、截面位置度公差以及表面粗糙度要求。该工艺方法为精铸叶片的高效自动化抛光提供了一种有效的解决思路。

In view of the current situation that uneven margin of precision casting turbine blades of aero-engines and poor consistency after blades artificial polishing,a grouping and automatic polishing method for blades is proposed in this paper.Firstly,a set of clamping tools is designed for blades measuring and alignment,and then batches of blades are clustered and grouped based on the measuring point data of blade profile.Finally,the process model of the blades in the same group is reconstructed adaptively using the measurement data.Then the machining coordinate system is adjusted by registration,and the machining tool path of the blades in the same group is generated for synchronous array polishing.A batch of turbine blades were grouped and polished.The results showed that the grouped blades had high machining consistency,and met the requirements of profile,leading and trailing edge tolerance,section position tolerance and surface roughness.This method provides an effective solution for efficient automatic polishing of precision casting blades.