GFRP低频振动套孔加工实验研究

Experimental Study on the Trepanning of GFRP Low Frequency Vibration Sleeve Hole

纤维增强树脂基复合材料(FRP)在制孔过程中容易产生分层、撕裂等加工损伤。以玻璃纤维增强树脂基复合材料(GFRP)为加工对象,采用低频轴向振动加工(LFVD)技术,结合薄壁金刚石钻头套孔加工,对其高质量孔加工进行理论和实验研究。建立低频轴向振动套孔加工中单颗金刚石磨粒的运动学方程,揭示加工中磨粒的变速与冲击磨削机理,结合加工实验,从轴向力、分层比和粗糙度等方面分析其工艺效果。结果表明,低频轴向振动套孔加工时,玻璃纤维与树脂基体破损明显减少,孔壁表面质量提高;振幅的增大导致轴向力增加,加剧出口分层缺陷,因此振幅选取不宜过大;当振幅为0.040 mm时,GFRP的孔加工质量最为理想。

The delamination,tear and other processing damages are easy to appear in the hole-making process of fiber reinforced plastic(FRP).Taking the glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite(GFRP)as the processing object,the high quality hole machining was studied theoretically and experimentally by using low-frequency axial vibration drilling(LFVD)technology combined with the sleeve hole machining of thin wall diamond bit.The kinematics equation of single diamond abrasive grain in low frequency axial vibration sleeve hole machining is established,and the variable speed and impact grinding mechanism of abrasive particles are revealed.combined with machining experiments,the process effect is analyzed from the aspects of axial force,delamination ratio and roughness.The results show that the damage of glass fiber and resin matrix is obviously reduced and the surface quality of the hole wall is improved during the sleeve hole machining with low frequency axial vibration;the increase of amplitude leads to the increase of axial force and aggravates the exit delamination defect,so the amplitude selection should not be too large;when the amplitude is 0.040 mm,the hole processing quality of GFRP is the best.