绵羊经济性状相关基因研究进展及其应用

Research Progress and Applications of Genes Associated with Economic Traits in Sheep

绵羊是重要的农业经济动物之一,不同绵羊品种具有各自独特的性状。利用性状存在变异的绵羊个体,对其进行基因组水平的分析,可以定位获得影响某种性状的基因区段或主效突变位点,鉴定得到的这些重要基因可为绵羊遗传育种提供分子标记,加快遗传选育进程。文章综述了在绵羊中鉴定得到的影响繁殖、生长、抗病及抗逆性状的主效基因发现过程及相应的调控机理,同时还综述了这些基因在绵羊分子育种方面的研究进展,有助于后续探索这些重要基因的具体分子机制,并为绵羊分子育种提供新思路。

Sheep is one of the important agricultural economic animals and their characteristics vary in different sheep breeds.Major putative regions and gene loci affecting economic traits can be mapped by genome-wide analysis in sheep breeds with phenotypic variation.These identified gene loci may be utilized as molecular markers to benefit sheep breeding and speed up the process of genetic selection.In this paper,genes related to reproduction,growth,disease resistance and stress tolerance identified from different sheep breeds were extensively reviewed.Furtherly,discovery process,regulatory mechanism and application progress in molecular breeding in sheep were also reviewed.These studies may contribute to further molecular mechanisms exploration of these major genes and provide new insights into molecular breeding of sheep.