贵金属三效催化剂性能模拟评价方法研究现状

Research status of performance simulation evaluation methods for precious metal-based three-way catalysts

贵金属三效催化剂主要应用于汽油车、压缩天然气车、混合动力车等车型的尾气催化净化,其装车排放及耐久性能的评价是实现高效催化剂研发与应用的关键。基于对近20年来40余篇文献的分析,综述了三效催化剂空燃比特性、起燃特性、储/放氧性能、稳定性的实验室模拟评价方法研究现状,分析了不同模拟评价方法的优势和不足,阐述了模拟评价性能与催化剂装车性能之间的关联性,展望了模拟评价方法研究的重点方向。

Precious metal-based three-way catalysts are mainly used for catalytic purification of tail gas from gasoline vehicles,compressed natural gas vehicles,hybrid vehicles and so on.The evaluation of its loading emission and durability is the key to realize the research and development(R&D)of high-efficient catalysts.Based on the analysis of more than 40 literatures in the past 20 years,this work reviewed the research status of laboratory simulation evaluation methods for air-fuel ratio characteristics,light-off characteristics,oxygen storage/release performance and the stability of three-way catalysts.The advantages and disadvantages of different simulated evaluation methods were analyzed,and the correlation between the simulation evaluation performance of a catalyst and its vehicle emission performance was also elaborated.Finally,the key research directions of the simulated evaluation methods were prospected.