基于锂电池SOC的运载火箭供电能源冗余管理研究

Research on Power Supply Redundancy Management of Launch Vehicle Based on Lithium Battery SOC

目前,在运载火箭领域,给箭上控制系统、测量系统和电磁阀火工品负载各提供一块电池供电,电池故障会导致箭上电气系统工作异常,严重时甚至导致任务失败等灾难性后果;锂电池具有高能储存密度、使用寿命长等优点,正在取代传统锌银电池应用于运载领域;针对运载火箭领域电池电源无冗余的问题,对锂电池故障诊断进行研究;根据锂离子单体电池SOC估算结果作为电池故障诊断的依据;采用EKF算法提高锂离子单体电池SOC估算的精度;根据故障诊断结果通过电池组拓扑重构完成故障单体电池智能切换,建立了运载火箭供电能源冗余管理系统;经仿真测试满足工程应用要求,提高了运载火箭领域电池的可靠性、安全性与容错能力,对提高运载火箭可靠性安全性有重大意义。

Currently,the launch vehicle provides one battery pack to each of them to supply power for the control system,measurement system,electromagnetic valve and explosive device load.Battery pack failure will lead to the abnormal operation of the electrical system on the launch vehicle,and even lead to disastrous consequences such as mission failure in severe cases.Lithium battery pack is replacing traditional zinc-silver battery pack in launch vehicle fields,which has the advantages of high-energy storage density and long performance life.Aiming at the problem of no redundancy in battery power supply in launch vehicle fields,the fault diagnosis of lithium battery is studied.The estimated results of lithium battery state of change(SOC)are used as the basis of battery fault diagnosis.The extended kalman filter(EKF)algorithm is used to improve the estimation accuracy of lithium-ion battery SOC;According to the fault diagnosis results,the intelligent switching of the failed single battery is completed through the topology reconfiguration of the battery pack,and the power supply redundant management system of launch vehicle is established.The simulation test meets the requirements of engineering application,and improves the reliability,safety and fault tolerance of the battery,which is of great significance for improving the reliability and safety of the launch vehicle.