山东省大气气溶胶时空分布特征遥感研究

Remote sensing research on spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of atmospheric aerosol in Shandong Province

大气气溶胶对气候变化、大气环境质量以及人类健康有着重要影响。山东省经济发达、人口密集,大气环境污染特别是气溶胶污染状况严重,故准确探测和研究气溶胶特征对其推进生态文明建设和改善大气环境具有重要意义。获取2015—2020年1 km分辨率的MCD19A2气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)数据,基于不同尺度AOD结果,结合细颗粒物(PM)、社会经济和气象统计数据,研究山东省气溶胶时空分布特征。结果表明:山东省气溶胶空间分布存在鲁西南和鲁苏交界两个高值区,以及鲁中山区和胶东半岛沿海两个低值区;2015—2020年AOD整体呈现下降趋势,大气环境有所改善;从季节和月变化来看,气溶胶污染在春季以及3、4、7月比较严重;污染控制政策、社会经济发展和气象因素对气溶胶时空变化产生一定影响。本研究可为山东省气溶胶污染防治和城市空气质量监测提供相关参考。

Atmospheric aerosol had important impact on climate change,atmospheric environmental quality and human health.Shandong Province,with developed economy and dense population,had serious atmospheric pollution,especially aerosol pollution.Therefore,accurate detection and study of aerosol characteristics was of great significance for promoting the construction of ecological civilization and improving the atmospheric environment.The high precision MCD19 A2 aerosol optical thickness(AOD)data with 1 km resolution from 2015 to 2020 was obtained.Using the AOD results at different scales,combined with PM,social economic and meteorological data,the aerosol spatiotemporal characteristics of Shandong Province were studied.The spatial distribution of aerosols in Shandong Province had two high-value areas in southwestern Shandong and the junction of Shandong-Jiangsu,and two low-value areas(mountainous areas of central Shandong and coastal areas of Jiaodong Peninsula).The AOD showed a downward trend,and the atmospheric environment had improved from 2015 to 2020.In terms of seasonal and monthly trends,aerosol pollution was more serious in spring,and March,April and July.The pollution control policies,social and economic development,and meteorological factors all had a certain impact on aerosol spatiotemporal distribution.The research could provide relevant reference for the aerosol pollution control and urban air quality monitoring in Shandong Province.