基于电塑性效应的钨合金铣削试验研究

Test study on tungsten alloy milling based on electroplasticity effect

为了解决钨合金加工困难、加工过程中切削力大、刀具磨损严重、已加工工件表面质量差等问题,以95WNiCu钨合金为研究对象,分别采用单因素试验和正交试验的方法研究了其电塑性铣削的工艺参数和通电电压对切削力和表面粗糙度的影响规律。试验结果表明,相较于传统铣削,通电电压为30V时,电塑性铣削可显著降低铣削过程的切削力,最大降幅约为42.12%,但继续增加通电电压对减小切削力效果不明显。通电电压显著增强了切削深度、主轴转速和进给速度对切削力的影响效果,电塑性铣削对切削力的减小效果在小切削深度、大主轴转速、小进给速度情况下更明显。较小的通电电压可减小工件的表面粗糙度,降幅约为19.66%,但继续增大电压会导致表面粗糙度增大。电塑性铣削对表面粗糙度的减小效果在小主轴转速、大进给速度和大切削深度情况下更明显。

To solve the problems of difficult machining of tungsten alloy,high cutting force during machining,serious tool wear,and poor surface quality of machined workpieces,the single-factor tests and orthogonal tests were used to study the influence law of process parameters and energizing voltages of electroplasticity milling on cutting force and surface roughness with 95WNiCu tungsten alloy as the research object.The test results show that compared with conventional milling,electroplasticity milling can significantly reduce the cutting force in the milling process with the maximum reduction amplitude of about 42.12%at the energizing voltage of 30 V,but the effect of increasing the energizing voltage on the reduction of cutting force is not obvious.The energizing voltage significantly enhances the effect of cutting depth,spindle speed and feed speed on cutting force,and the reduction effect of electroplasticity milling on cutting force is more obvious in the case of small cutting depth,large spindle speed and small feed speed.The surface roughness of the workpieces can be reduced by about 19.66%with smaller energizing voltage,but the surface ronghness increases when the voltage increases continuously.The reduction effect of electroplastic milling on surface roughness is more obvious in the case of small spindle speed,large feed speed and large cutting depth.