给定站点条件下轨道交通线网初步辅助构建模型

An Auxiliary Model for Preliminary Planning of Rail Transit Networks and Lines with Given Station Locations

为解决城市轨道交通线网规划实践中,缺乏量化为主的成网技术流程,站点数量较多情况下规划工作复杂等问题,基于给定站点,将站点间邻接关系和网络上的边是否存在线路以0-1变量表示,并作为决策变量,分别以线网总里程最小化和运营效率最大化为目标,建立由网络设计模型和线路选择模型组成的初步辅助构建模型;并在站点可达性和工程可行性的约束下,设计基于聚类的最小生成树算法和网络修正方案,求解网络设计模型,提高网络生成速度,修正不合理的网络结构;并在运营可行性约束下,设计基于禁忌算法的双目标规划求解算法,求解线路选择模型,成功将其转化为单目标问题,提高算法寻优速度。将实际运营轨网站点和客流OD作为输入,双层模型可获得最优网络和线路方案,并与实例比较证明结果的合理性。结果表明,模型结果与已开通运营轨网近似,但线网总里程更低,运营效率更高,线网总里程降低1.7%,直达客流比增加0.7%,一次换乘客流比增加4.2%。

To address the lack of quantitative network generation techniques and high planning complexity in the case of large numbers of stations,this paper establishes a bi-level model composed of a network design model and a line selection model,and minimizes the total length of the network and maximizes the operational efficiency.The model considers the contiguity of stations and the presence of a line on the edge,represented by binaries variables in the planning of urban rail transit networks and lines given stations.Under the constraints of station accessibility and engineering feasibility,this paper designs a minimum spanning tree algorithm based on clustering and network repair strategies,to solve network design model and improve the computational speed of network generation.Under the constraints of operation feasibility,this paper designs an algorithm for solving the bi-objective programming based on the Tabu Search,which solves the line selection model and transforms the bi-objective programming problem into a single-objective programming problem.The bi-level model can automatically generate the optimal network and line alignments when using the stations in operation and passenger OD as input,and the results can be reasonable when compared with the opening transit network.The model results show that they are similar to the real network and lines,but have less the total length of the network and higher operational efficiency.The ratio of direct passenger flow to the total increases by 0.7%and the ratio of once-transfer passenger flow to the total increases by 4.2%when the total length of the network decreases by 1.7%.