基因编辑技术在蔬菜中的研究进展

Research Progress in Vegetables Gene Editing Technology

基因编辑技术是一种可以通过靶向敲除、替换以及插入目的基因来改变生物性状的新兴技术。作为精准和高效的基因工程方法,基因编辑技术克服了传统育种技术受种间生殖隔离的限制、不良基因连锁的影响、育种年限长等技术瓶颈,具有巨大的应用潜力。本文主要综述了基因编辑技术的发展历程,总结归纳了基因编辑技术在茄科、十字花科、葫芦科等主要蔬菜作物基因功能和性状改良上的研究进展,讨论了在不同蔬菜作物中基因编辑技术应用的难点和对策,从而为基因编辑技术在蔬菜中的广泛应用提供参考。

Gene editing is an emerging technology modifying biological traits by knocking out,replacing and inserting target genes.As an accurate and efficient genetic engineering method,gene editing technology has overcome the restriction of interspecific reproductive isolation on traditional breeding,influence of adverse gene linkage,and technical bottleneck of long breeding fixed number of years,etc.Therefore,it has huge application potential.This paper reviewed the development history of gene editing technology;summarized the research progress of gene editing technology in gene function and trait improvement of vegetable crops,including Solanaceae,Cruciferae,Cucurbitaceae,etc.;and discussed the difficulties and countermeasures in applying gene editing technology for different vegetable crops,so as to provide references for wide application of gene editing technology in vegetables.