久坐行为对12~17岁青少年眼健康的影响

Influence of sedentary behavior on eye health in adolescents aged twelve to 17

目的 探讨不同类型久坐行为与青少年眼健康的关系。方法 采用主、客观久坐行为测量方法对12~17岁青少年(主观352名,客观331名)进行两个阶段(间隔14周)调查,探讨不同久坐行为对青少年视力不良发生率的影响。结果 青少年久坐时间普遍偏长,其中教育类久坐时间、视频类久坐时间占比较大,低久坐组/低教育类久坐组青少年视力不良检出率低于高久坐组/高教育类久坐组青少年(|t|> 3.422, P <0.01)。客观测量显示,第一阶段日均久坐时间与视力水平呈负相关(r=-0.176, P <0.001)。主观测量显示,第一阶段教育类久坐时间与视力水平呈负相关(r=-0.188, P <0.001),第二阶段教育类久坐时间与视力水平呈负相关(r=-0.141,P <0.001)。控制中高强度身体活动时间后,客观测量的日均久坐时间对青少年视力不良的预测作用不显著,主观测量的教育类久坐时间能够显著负向预测青少年视力水平(β=-0.124, P=0.026),但二者不存在交叉滞后效应。阈值分析显示,约登指数的最大值为0.206,对应教育类久坐时间为3 445 min/周,敏感性为0.738,特异性为0.467。结论 高久坐组青少年视力不良检出率较高,教育类久坐对青少年视力水平具有显著负向预测作用。青少年每周教育类久坐时间长于3 445 min (约每天8.2 h)时,视力不良检出率较高。

Objective To explore the relationship between adolescents'sedentary behavior and poor vision.Methods Both subjective(352 adolescents)and objective(331 adolescents)methods were used to measure the sedentary behaviors of adolescents aged twelve to 17 years in two phases with an interval of 14 weeks,to investigate the influence of different sedentary behaviors on the incidence of poor vision acuity in adolescents.Results The sedentary time of adolescents was generally long,among which educational sedentary time and screen sed‐entary time accounted for a higher proportion.The detection rate of poor visual acuity among adolescents was significantly lower in low sedentary group/low education sedentary group than in high sedentary group/high edu‐cation sedentary group(|t|>3.422,P<0.01).The objective measurement showed that the average daily seden‐tary time was significantly negatively correlated with the eyesight level in the first phase(r=-0.176,P<0.001).The subjective measurement showed that the educational sedentary time was significantly negatively correlated with the eyesight level both in the first phase(r=-0.188,P<0.001)and the second phase(r=-0.141,P<0.001).After controlling for moderate to vigorous physical activity,the objectively measured average daily seden‐tary time had no significant predictive effect on the poor vision of adolescents,and the subjectively measured ed‐ucational sedentary time could significantly negatively predict the eyesight level of adolescents(β=-0.124,P=0.026),however,there was no cross-lag effect between the two variables.The critical value analysis showed that the maximum value of Youden index was 0.206,corresponding to the educational sedentary time of 3445 min‐utes a week,the sensitivity was 0.738,and the specificity was 0.467.Conclusion Adolescents with high sedentary group have higher detection rate of poor vision.Educational sedentary has a significantly negative predictive effect on the eyesight level of adolescents.The detection rate of poor vision would increase if the educational sedentary time of adolescents is longer than 3445 minutes a week.